Sharing notes from my ongoing learning journey — what I build, break and understand along the way.
How Data Really Moves in a Network: MAC Addresses, ARP, Broadcast Domains and the Logic Behind It When you start building or managing a network, everything looks simple at first: there is a cable, a switch, an IP address –…
Understanding Database Normalization in SQL (1NF, 2NF, 3NF) If you’re working with relational databases like MySQL and other modern SQL database systems, you’ve probably heard about normalization…But what exactly does it mean — and why does it matter so much…
Java Basics – Part 2 1 if / else Statements Conditions must be inside parentheses ( ). You can also use the ternary operator: 2 for Loop Floating-point or countdown loops: Infinite loop (use break to exit): 3 while Loop…
Java Basics – Part 1 1 Structure and Hello World Every Java program needs at least one class and one main() method.Code blocks use curly braces { } instead of indentation. Key points 2 Strong Typing and Variables Java is…
Python Practice Exercises – Part 6 Try to solve each exercise on your own first.After the exercise list, scroll down to the “Solutions” section to compare your approach. Exercises Exercise 1 – Digit-Cancelling Fractions Normally, you may not just “cancel…
Python Practice Exercises – Part 5 In this part, you’ll find a series of Python practice exercises.Each one focuses on a key programming skill — functions, loops, conditions, and basic algorithms.Try to solve them first, then check the explanations below.…
OOP, Lambdas, and Higher-Order Functions in Python In this part of the Python Basics series, we take a first look at object-oriented programming (OOP) in Python and then move on to anonymous functions (lambdas) and higher-order functions such as map,…
Recursion, Sets, Identity, and Pattern Matching in Python In this part of the Python Basics series, we’ll explore several advanced but fundamental Python topics: recursion, sets, conditional expressions, the identity operator (is), and the new pattern matching (match/case) syntax introduced…
Python Basics – Part 11: File Handling and Text Files In this part of the Python Basics series, we focus on working with files in Python:how to open, read, write, and append text files, how the file pointer works, and…
Error Handling and Exception Patterns in Python In this part of the Python Basics series, we’ll explore error handling in Python — how to prevent your code from crashing, respond gracefully to unexpected situations, and keep your programs running smoothly.We’ll…