Sharing notes from my ongoing learning journey — what I build, break and understand along the way.
Understanding VPN and Tunneling in Depth What Is a VPN? A VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a method of creating a secure, encrypted, and logical “private network” over an untrusted network (most commonly the internet).Its main goals are: Common Uses…
Understanding Public and Private Networks in Depth One of the invisible yet most critical parts of our daily lives are networks. Whether we connect to the internet, talk on the phone, send a file to an office printer, or watch…
Understanding Modem, Router, Switch and Access Point When it comes to using the internet at home or at work, a few device names keep popping up: modem, router, switch, and access point. These names often get mixed up, and since…
What a NIC Is and How It Shapes Speed, Latency, and Stability Although I’ve been deep into the software side lately, today my focus is the network interface card (NIC): the piece that lets my computer “see” the network at…
From DNS Lookup to Rendering: The Journey of a Web Request We do this countless times every day: type an address into a browser, hit Enter, and the page appears in seconds.But in that short moment, a lot happens behind…
What Is a Subnet? Full Explanation of Subnetting, CIDR, and Real-World Use Cases While going through my learning journey in networking, I came across the term subnet quite frequently. At first, it was a bit abstract to me, but the…
What Is DHCP? A Deep Dive into Automated IP Management 1. Introduction to DHCP DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a network protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses and network configuration details (like subnet mask, gateway, DNS) to devices (clients)…
What Is DNS? A Deep Dive into the Internet’s Hidden Backbone 1. What Is DNS? DNS (Domain Name System) is the system that translates human-readable domain names like google.com into machine-readable IP addresses like 142.250.74.238. It’s essentially the phone book…
What Are TCP and UDP? TCP and UDP are two of the most fundamental protocols in networking. Yet, most explanations stop at “one is reliable, the other is fast.” After spending time truly understanding them — how they work, when…
What Is a Network Topology? Recently, I started learning about computer networks, and one of the topics that really caught my attention was network topologies. These are basically the ways devices (like computers, printers, etc.) are connected to each other…