Sharing notes from my ongoing learning journey — what I build, break and understand along the way.
Routing and WAN: How Routers Choose the Best Path Across Networks Once you’ve somewhat internalized IP and subnetting, the next question naturally appears: “Okay, devices in the same subnet can find each other. But how does traffic travel between different…
IP Addressing and Subnetting: How IPv4/IPv6 and CIDR Define Network Boundaries As someone new to networking, IP addresses can initially feel like something you just memorize: numbers starting with 192.168… and then expressions like /24, /26 on top of that.…
From Switching to VLANs: How Trunks, Tagging and STP Keep Networks Organized As someone new to switching, the confusion usually starts at this point: “I plugged in the cable, the devices can see each other… so is the job done?”…
How Data Really Moves in a Network: MAC Addresses, ARP, Broadcast Domains and the Logic Behind It When you start building or managing a network, everything looks simple at first: there is a cable, a switch, an IP address –…
Understanding Database Normalization in SQL (1NF, 2NF, 3NF) If you’re working with relational databases like MySQL and other modern SQL database systems, you’ve probably heard about normalization…But what exactly does it mean — and why does it matter so much…
Java Basics – Part 2 1 if / else Statements Conditions must be inside parentheses ( ). You can also use the ternary operator: 2 for Loop Floating-point or countdown loops: Infinite loop (use break to exit): 3 while Loop…
Java Basics – Part 1 1 Structure and Hello World Every Java program needs at least one class and one main() method.Code blocks use curly braces { } instead of indentation. Key points 2 Strong Typing and Variables Java is…
Python Practice Exercises – Part 6 Try to solve each exercise on your own first.After the exercise list, scroll down to the “Solutions” section to compare your approach. Exercises Exercise 1 – Digit-Cancelling Fractions Normally, you may not just “cancel…
Python Practice Exercises – Part 5 In this part, you’ll find a series of Python practice exercises.Each one focuses on a key programming skill — functions, loops, conditions, and basic algorithms.Try to solve them first, then check the explanations below.…
OOP, Lambdas, and Higher-Order Functions in Python In this part of the Python Basics series, we take a first look at object-oriented programming (OOP) in Python and then move on to anonymous functions (lambdas) and higher-order functions such as map,…