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TerminalNotes
  • Core IT
    • Computer Fundamentals
      • Instruction Cycle
      • Number Systems & Encoding
      • Boolean Logic & Bitwise Operations
      • Digital Systems Basics
    • Computer Architecture
      • CPU / ALU / Registers
      • Memory Hierarchy
      • System Buses
      • Storage Devices
    • Operating Systems
      • Process Management
      • Memory Management
      • File Systems
      • System Calls & Kernel Basics
    • Networking
      • Network Fundamentals
      • Networking Models
      • IP Addressing & Subnetting
      • Network Services
      • Protocols
      • Networking Hardware
    • Cloud Computing
      • Cloud Computing
      • Major Providers
      • Cloud Tools & IaC
      • Cloud Networking
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      • Version Control
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      • IaC
      • Automation & Scripting
    • Virtualization
      • Containers
      • Virtual Networking & Storage
      • Virtual Networking & Storage
    • System Monitoring & Troubleshooting
      • Monitoring Tools
      • Logs & Journals
      • Troubleshooting Techniques
    • Miscellaneous / Other
      • Terminal Commands, Cheatsheets
      • Short Note / Reference Articles
      • CLI Tools & Mini Utilities
  • Programming
    • Programming Basics
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    • JavaScript
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    • C / C++
    • Go
    • Rust
    • Shell Scripting
    • Functional Programming
    • Other
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    • Fundamentals of Web
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    • CMS & Site Builders
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      • Network Architecture & Segmentation
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      • VPN & Zero Trust
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        • OS Hardening
        • Secure Boot & BIOS Protection
        • Patch & Configuration Management
        • Endpoint Hardening
      • Cloud Security
    • Application Security
      • OWASP Top 10
      • Input Validation & Sanitization
      • Secure Code Practices
      • SAST / DAST / IAST
      • API Security
      • DevSecOps & CI/CD Pipelines
    • Identity & Access Management
      • Authentication
      • Authorization
      • Identity Federation
      • SSO & Session Management
      • IAM Solutions
    • Cryptography & Data Protection
      • Symmetric vs. Asymmetric Encryption
      • TLS / SSL
      • Hashing
      • Digital Signatures & Certificates
      • Digital Signatures & Certificates
      • Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
      • Data-at-Rest & In-Transit Encryption
    • Threats, Attacks & Pentesting
      • Pentesting Concepts & Methodology
      • Red Team / Blue Team / Purple Team
      • Vulnerability Scanning
      • Common Tools
      • Common Tools
      • Bug Bounty
      • Social Engineering & Phishing
    • Monitoring & Detection
      • SIEM
      • Log Analysis & Correlation
      • Endpoint Detection & Response (EDR)
      • XDR & Behavioral Analytics
      • Alerting & False Positive Management
    • Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC)
      • Risk Assessment & Threat Modeling
      • ISO 27001 / NIST / SOC 2 / CIS Controls
      • Privacy Regulations (GDPR, HIPAA, PCI-DSS)
      • Security Policies & Documentation
      • Incident Response Plans
      • Awareness Training & Simulations
    • Security Fundamentals
    • Other
  • AI
    • AI Fundamentals
    • Machine Learning
      • Supervised Learning
      • Unsupervised Learning
      • Reinforcement Learning
      • Model Evaluation
      • Feature Engineering
    • Deep Learning
      • CNN
      • RNN
      • Transformers
    • NLP
      • Tokenization
      • Sentiment Analysis
      • Language Models
    • Computer Vision
    • Prompt Engineering
      • Zero-shot / Few-shot
      • Prompt Injection
    • Tools – Platforms
      • TensorFlow
      • PyTorch
      • Hugging Face
      • OpenAI API
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      • Adversarial Attacks
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Sharing notes from my ongoing learning journey — what I build, break and understand along the way.

TerminalNotes
  • Core IT, Computer Fundamentals

Instruction Cycle Explained: Fetch, Decode, Execute, Store in Simple Terms

Inside the CPU: The 4 Steps of the Instruction Cycle As I continue learning how computers work at their core, one fundamental concept I’ve come across is the Instruction Cycle, also known as the Fetch–Decode–Execute–Store (FDES) cycle. This cycle is…

  • >Ali Durmus
  • July 29, 2025
  • Core IT, Computer Architecture, Memory Hierarchy

Memory Hierarchy Explained: From CPU Cache to Swap Space (RAM, ROM, Virtual Memory)

How Computer Memory Works — From CPU Registers to Disk Swap Since I’ve started learning how computers actually work under the hood, one of the topics that completely changed how I see system performance is something called the Memory Hierarchy.…

  • >Ali Durmus
  • July 28, 2025
  • Core IT, Computer Fundamentals

Understanding Binary, ASCII, and Bitwise Logic

How Computers Understand 1s and 0s: Binary System, Character Encoding, and Logical Operations We’ve all heard that computers work with 1s and 0s, but what does that actually mean? What do those 1s and 0s represent? How do letters turn…

  • >Ali Durmus
  • July 28, 2025
  • Learning, Roadmaps

My Cybersecurity Learning Roadmap for 2025

Everything I need to learn, understand, and master to become a Cybersecurity Expert Why I Built This Roadmap Over the past few months, I’ve been diving deep into the world of cybersecurity and quickly realized how massive and layered this…

  • >Ali Durmus
  • July 22, 2025
  • Security, System Security

Understanding System Log Management

How I Discovered the Hidden Power of System Logs While researching security-related topics, I kept coming across the term “logs.” I didn’t quite understand what made them so important at first. I thought logs were just boring text files the…

  • >Ali Durmus
  • July 21, 2025
  • Programming, Backend Foundations, Python, Web

My First FastAPI Project: Step-by-Step from Setup to Test

My First FastAPI Project Today, I built my first working web project using FastAPI. I’m sharing the whole process step-by-step — what I did, what issues I encountered, and how I learned. First, I Installed Visual Studio Code While installing…

  • >Ali Durmus
  • July 21, 2025
  • Security, Identity & Access Management

What Is OAuth 2.0? A Deep Dive into the Authorization Protocol

What Is OAuth 2.0? A Deep Dive into the Authorization Protocol Not long ago, I tried to implement Google OAuth login in one of my own web projects.Although I haven’t fully succeeded yet, the process pushed me to deeply understand…

  • >Ali Durmus
  • July 20, 2025
  • Security, Network Architecture & Segmentation

What Are IDS and IPS? My Deep Dive into Real Network Protection

What Are IDS and IPS? My Deep Dive into Real Network Protection Recently, I’ve been going deeper into network security, and two concepts kept popping up that I didn’t fully grasp at first: IDS and IPS.As I started exploring them,…

  • >Ali Durmus
  • July 20, 2025
  • Core IT, Operating Systems

NTFS, FAT32, exFAT: Understanding File Systems

Understanding File Systems in Windows: NTFS, FAT32, exFAT Lately, I’ve been diving into system-level concepts like disk structure, terminals, and file management.As I learned more about files, folders, and command-line basics, I realized there’s an underlying structure behind all of…

  • >Ali Durmus
  • July 20, 2025
  • Tools & Platforms, CLI Tools

My Journey with PowerShell: Getting Comfortable with Folders, Files, and the Terminal

My Journey with PowerShell: Getting Comfortable with Folders, Files, and the Terminal When I first opened the PowerShell terminal, the plain blue screen looked serious — and frankly, intimidating. But I had a clear goal:I wanted to learn how to…

  • >Ali Durmus
  • July 20, 2025
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